| The Belle Mina Site
(1Li92), An Upland Clovis Occupation in the Tennessee Valley of Northern
Alabama H. Blaine Ensor, American Resources Group, Ltd. Carbondale, Illinois Abstract: Site 1Li92, also known as Belle Mina, contains a well-defined Clovis habitation area situated on a flat, gently sloping surface in the karst uplands of the Tennessee Valley in northern Alabama. This paper presents the results of a detailed analysis of Clovis artifacts from both a general surface collection and from two controlled surface collections. Using data from two controlled surface collections, intra-site patterning is explored through computer density mapping of Clovis stone tools and flake debris and fire-cracked rock. The composition of the Clovis lithic assemblage is quantified with reference to the nature and length of Clovis occupation(s). Clovis raw material acquisition and lithic manufacture behavior are examined along with tool use and maintenance. Finally the Clovis occupation at Belle Mina is discussed with regard to local and regional Clovis settlement models. H. Blaine Ensor H. Blaine Ensor is a research scientist with the American Resources Group, Ltd. Carbondale, Illinois. He received both his B.A. degree and M.A. degree in anthropology from The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama. Over the past 30 years he has worked as an archaeologist with the University of Alabama, University of West Florida, Texas A&M University and the University of Memphis. In addition, he has served as senior archaeologist/principal investigator for several private cultural resource management firms. His geographical areas of expertise include the Southeastern United States and Texas. His research interests include lithic analysis, ceramic analysis, artifact classification/typology, radiocarbon dating, archaeological method and theory, and Paleo-American studies. |